Quantum Computing Stack Exchange
Quantum Computing Stack Exchange

Questions tagged [pauli-gates]

For questions about Pauli matrices in general or Pauli gates in particular, as relevant to quantum computing and/or quantum information theory. The Pauli matrices are a set of three 2 × 2 complex matrices which are Hermitian and unitary. The three Pauli gates are: Pauli-X gate, Pauli-Y gate & Pauli-Z gate. X = {{0,1},{1,0}}; Y = {{0,-i},{i,0}}; Z = {{1,0},{0,-1}}.

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Is the Pauli group for $n$-qubits a basis for $\mathbb{C}^{2^n\times 2^n}$?

The $n$-fold Pauli operator set is defined as $G_n=\{I,X,Y,Z \}^{\otimes n}$, that is as the set containing all the possible tensor products between $n$ Pauli matrices. It is clear that the Pauli matrices form a basis for the $2\times 2$ complex…
Josu Etxezarreta Martinez
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Can arbitrary matrices be decomposed using the Pauli basis?

Is it possible to decompose a Hermitian and unitrary matrix $A$ into the sum of the Pauli matrix Kronecker products? For example, I have a matrix 16x16 and want it to be decomposed into something like $$A…
C-Roux
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Obtaining gate $e^{-i\Delta t Z}$ from elementary gates

I am currently reading "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information" by Nielsen and Chuang. In the section about Quantum Simulation, they give an illustrative example (section 4.7.3), which I don't quite understand: Suppose we have the Hamiltonian…
brzepkowski
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How to construct matrix of regular and "flipped" 2-qubit CNOT?

When constructing the matrices for the two CNOT based on the target and control qubit, I can use reasoning: "If $q_0$==$|0\rangle$, everything simply passes through", resulting in an Identity matrix style $\begin{bmatrix}1&0\\0&1\end{bmatrix}$ in…
Thomas Hubregtsen
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Simulate hamiltonian evolution

I'm trying to figure out how to simulate the evolution of qubits under the interaction of Hamiltonians with terms written as a tensor product of Pauli matrices in a quantum computer. I have found the following trick in Nielsen and Chuang's book…
Apo
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How can I decompose a matrix in terms of Pauli matrices?

I need to see an example of how Hamiltonian, i.e. any Hermitian matrix, can be decomposed into a linear combination of Pauli matrices. I would prefer an option to do this in larger than 2 dimensions, if that is possible.
yishairasowsky
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Is there a simple rule for the inverse of a Clifford circuit's stabilizer table?

In Improved Simulation of Stabilizer Circuits by Aaronson and Gottesman, it is explained how to compute a table describing which Pauli tensor products the X and Z observable of each qubit get mapped to as a Clifford circuit acts upon them. Here as…
Craig Gidney
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Definition of the Pauli group and the Clifford group

There seem to be two definitions of the Pauli group. In Nielsen and Chuang, the Pauli group on 1 qubit is defined as \begin{align*} \mathcal{P}_1 = \{\pm I, \pm iI, \pm X, \pm iX, \pm Y, \pm iY, \pm Z, \pm iZ\} = \langle X, Y,…
snsunx
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How do I prove that the Hadamard satisfies $H\equiv e^{i\pi H/2}$?

I am trying to solve this exercise from Qiskit's textbook, problem set 2 "Basic Synthesis of Single-Qubit Gates": Show that the Hadamard gate can be written in the following two forms \begin{equation} H = \frac{X + Z}{\sqrt{2}} \equiv \exp\left(i…
walid
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How are arbitrary $2\times 2$ matrices decomposed in the Pauli basis?

I read in this article (arXiv) Appendix III p.8, that for $A\in \mathcal{M}_2$, since the normalized Pauli matrices $\{I,X,Y,Z\}/\sqrt{2}$ form an orthogonal matrix basis. $$A=\frac{Tr(AI)I+Tr(AX)X+Tr(AY)Y+Tr(AZ)Z}{2} $$ I don't understand, where…
lufydad
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Fast way to check if two state vectors are equivalent up to Pauli operations

I'm looking for fast code, or a fast algorithm, for checking if a given state vector $A$ can be transformed into another state vector $B$ using only the Pauli operations $X$, $Y$, $Z$. The naive strategy is to simply iterate through all $4^n$ ways…
Craig Gidney
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What is (formally) a transversal operator?

This question concerns about a formal definition of transversal operator. I understood that transversal operator are a group of operators which are efficient in terms of circuit depth and can be used as logical operators for stabilizer codes.…
Daniele Cuomo
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Prove the fidelity can be written in terms of Pauli expectation values as ${\rm tr}(\rho\sigma)=\sum_k \chi_\rho(k)\chi_\sigma(\rho)$

I am reading through "Direct Fidelity Estimation from Few Pauli Measurements" and it states that the measure of fidelity between a desired pure state $\rho$ and an arbitrary state $\sigma$ is $\mathrm{tr}(\rho\sigma)$. It then describes a…
Quantum Guy 123
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Does conjugation by a Clifford send each non-identity Pauli to every other non-identity Pauli with equal frequency?

I see here in Olivia DeMatteo's notes, she states: When we consider the action of the entire Clifford group on a single non-identity Pauli, it maps that Pauli to each of the $d^2 − 1$ other possible Paulis an equal number of times. Since we have…
Quantum Guy 123
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Why isn't $Ry(\pi/2)$ gate equivalent to Hadamard gate?

I've been experimenting with quantum circuits and can't quite fathom how the difference between states comes together. Speaking in terms of simulations using qiskit, the following code yelds the same results: circuit =…
Ricardo
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