I've been trying to prove this result to no avail. Previously I managed to prove that if $p$ is an odd prime and $g$ a primitive root modulo $p$, then $g$ or $g + p$ is a primitive root modulo $p^2$. I thought I could maybe prove this result by induction on $k \in \mathbb{Z}^+$ plus the observation that every $k$ is either even or odd, hence $= 2m$ or $= 2m + 1$ for some lesser $m$ (so $p^k$ is either $p^{2m}$ or $p \cdot p^{2m}$), but I haven't really figured out how I can use this property. Any help would be much thanked.
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1@JohnOmielan Yes, sorry. It seems I mixed the terms up with the other mention of odd "primes". Shall edit it right away. – Sho Jun 17 '25 at 23:11
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1here is another duplicate. – lulu Jun 17 '25 at 23:17