If $R\subseteq S$ is an integral extension, then $R[x]\subseteq S[x]$ is an integral extension as well. Why?
$R,S$ are both commutative rings with $1$.
If $R\subseteq S$ is an integral extension, then $R[x]\subseteq S[x]$ is an integral extension as well. Why?
$R,S$ are both commutative rings with $1$.
Sums and products of integral elements are integral, and elements of $ S[x] $ are $ S $-linear combinations of powers of $ x $. Since $ S $ is integral over $ R $, and thus $ R[x] $, by assumption; and $ x $ (by virtue of being an element of $ R[x] $) is integral over $ R[x] $, it follows that any $ S $-linear combination of powers of $ x $ is also integral, and thus $ S[x] $ is an integral extension of $ R[x] $.