We use devtoolset-10 in CentOS 7 ("Actual" default version of gcc in OS is 4.8.5, but in devtoolset we use 10.2.1 version, which is real actual version for project).
Command gcc --version returns 10.2.1, but after unsuccessful compilation of target files we run ldd target_file, which says that target_file was linked with /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 file, which supports older version of gcc (strings -a /lib64/libstdc++.so.6 | grep GCC returns 4.8 version of gcc)
TL;DR
Problem: unlinked gcc-related shared objects and libs after source <...>/devtoolset-10/enablecommand