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68
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4 answers

why geometric multiplicity is bounded by algebraic multiplicity?

Define The algebraic multiplicity of $\lambda_{i}$ to be the degree of the root $\lambda_i$ in the polynomial $\det(A-\lambda I)$. The geometric multiplicity the be the dimension of the eigenspace associated with the eigenvalue $\lambda_i$. For…
Jack2019
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68
votes
2 answers

Is this similarity to the Fourier transform of the von Mangoldt function real?

Mathematica knows that the logarithm of $n$ is: $$\log(n) = \lim\limits_{s \rightarrow 1} \zeta(s)\left(1 - \frac{1}{n^{(s - 1)}}\right)$$ The von Mangoldt function should then be: $$\Lambda(n)=\lim\limits_{s \rightarrow 1} \zeta(s)\sum\limits_{d|n}…
Mats Granvik
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68
votes
1 answer

Evaluating $\sum\limits_{x=2}^\infty \frac{1}{!x}$ in exact form.

Introduction: We know that: $$\sum_{x=0}^\infty \frac{1}{x!}=e$$ But what if we replaced $x!$ with $!x$ also called the subfactorial function also called the $x$th derangement number? This interestingly is just a multiple of $e$ and an Incomplete…
68
votes
28 answers

Is there a great mathematical example for a 12-year-old?

I've just been working with my 12-year-old daughter on Cantor's diagonal argument, and countable and uncountable sets. Why? Because the maths department at her school is outrageously good, and set her the task of researching a mathematician, and…
Mark Bennet
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68
votes
2 answers

Why doesn't Cantor's diagonal argument also apply to natural numbers?

In my understanding of Cantor's diagonal argument, we start by representing each of a set of real numbers as an infinite bit string. My question is: why can't we begin by representing each natural number as an infinite bit string? So that 0 =…
usul
  • 4,084
68
votes
5 answers

Number of onto functions

What are the number of onto functions from a set $\Bbb A $ containing m elements to a set $\Bbb B$ containing n elements. I found that if $m = 4$ and $n = 2$ the number of onto functions is $14$. But is there a way to generalise this using a…
icyflame
  • 935
68
votes
12 answers

A way to find this shaded area without calculus?

This is a popular problem spreading around. Solve for the shaded reddish/orange area. (more precisely: the area in hex color #FF5600) $ABCD$ is a square with a side of $10$, $APD$ and $CPD$ are semicircles, and $ADQB$ is a quarter circle. The…
Presh
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68
votes
4 answers

What is a differential form?

can someone please informally (but intuitively) explain what "differential form" mean? I know that there is (of course) some formalism behind it - definition and possible operations with differential forms, but what is the motivation of introducing…
68
votes
10 answers

A linear operator commuting with all such operators is a scalar multiple of the identity.

The question is from Axler's "Linear Algebra Done Right", which I'm using for self-study. We are given a linear operator $T$ over a finite dimensional vector space $V$. We have to show that $T$ is a scalar multiple of the identity iff $\forall S \in…
abeln
  • 615
68
votes
4 answers

Does the series $ \sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{1 + |\sin(n)|}} $ converge or diverge?

Does the following series converge or diverge? I would like to see a demonstration. $$ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{1 + |\sin(n)|}}. $$ I can see that: $$ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{1 + |\sin(n)|}} \leqslant \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{1…
68
votes
5 answers

Help understanding Algebraic Geometry

I while ago I started reading Hartshorne's Algebraic Geometry and it almost immediately felt like I hit a brick wall. I have some experience with category theory and abstract algebra but not with algebraic or projective geometry. I'm wondering if…
user25470
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68
votes
10 answers

Is memory unimportant in doing mathematics?

The title says it all. I often heard people say something like memory is unimportant in doing mathematics. However, when I tried to solve mathematical problems, I often used known theorems whose proofs I forgot. EDIT Some of you may think that…
Makoto Kato
  • 44,216
68
votes
3 answers

In combinatorics, how can one verify that one has counted correctly?

This is a soft question, but I've tried to be specific about my concerns. When studying basic combinatorics, I was struck by the fact that it seems hard to verify if one has counted correctly. It's easiest to explain with an example, so I'll give…
Stephen
  • 1,063
68
votes
4 answers

Intersection of finite number of compact sets is compact?

Is the the intersection of a finite number of compact sets is compact? If not please give a counter example to demonstrate this is not true. I said that this is true because the intersection of finite number of compact sets are closed. Which…
68
votes
3 answers

Approximating a $\sigma$-algebra by a generating algebra

Theorem. Let $(X,\mathcal B,\mu)$ a finite measure space, where $\mu$ is a positive measure. Let $\mathcal A\subset \mathcal B$ an algebra generating $\cal B$. Then for all $B\in\cal B$ and $\varepsilon>0$, we can find $A\in\cal A$ such that…
Davide Giraudo
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