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1500 questions
72
votes
7 answers

How to find the factorial of a fraction?

From what I know, the factorial function is defined as follows: $$n! = n(n-1)(n-2) \cdots(3)(2)(1)$$ And $0! = 1$. However, this page seems to be saying that you can take the factorial of a fraction, like, for instance, $\frac{1}{2}!$, which they…
Cisplatin
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72
votes
7 answers

Do there exist pairs of distinct real numbers whose arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means are all integers?

I self-realized an interesting property today that all numbers $(a,b)$ belonging to the infinite set $$\{(a,b): a=(2l+1)^2, b=(2k+1)^2;\ l,k \in N;\ l,k\geq1\}$$ have their AM and GM both integers. Now I wonder if there exist distinct real numbers…
72
votes
2 answers

Is there an intuitive reason for a certain operation to be associative?

When I read Pinter's A Book of Abstract Algebra, Exercise 7 on page 25 asks whether the operation $$x*y=\frac{xy}{x+y+1}$$ (defined on the positive real numbers) is associative. At first I considered this to be false, because the expression is so…
Zirui Wang
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72
votes
12 answers

What is the largest eigenvalue of the following matrix?

Find the largest eigenvalue of the following matrix $$\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 4 & 16\\ 4 & 16 & 1\\ 16 & 1 & 4 \end{bmatrix}$$ This matrix is symmetric and, thus, the eigenvalues are real. I solved for the possible eigenvalues and,…
72
votes
11 answers

How can I find the points at which two circles intersect?

Given the radius and $x,y$ coordinates of the center point of two circles how can I calculate their points of intersection if they have any?
Joe Elder
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72
votes
2 answers

Let, $A\subset\mathbb{R}^2$. Show that $A$ can contain at most one point $p$ such that $A$ is isometric to $A \setminus \{p\}$.

A challenge problem from Sally's Fundamentals of Mathematical Analysis. Problem reads: Suppose $A$ is a subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$. Show that $A$ can contain at most one point $p$ such that $A$ is isometric to $A \setminus \{p\}$ with the usual…
72
votes
18 answers

Why is radian so common in maths?

I have learned about the correspondence of radians and degrees so 360° degrees equals $2\pi$ radians. Now we mostly use radians (integrals and so on) My question: Is it just mathematical convention that radians are much more used in higher maths…
Slater
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72
votes
3 answers

Why is the Daniell integral not so popular?

The Riemann integral is the most common integral in use and is the first integral I was taught to use. After doing some more advanced analysis it becomes clear that the Riemann integral has some serious flaws. The most natural way to fix all the…
72
votes
6 answers

Fourier transform of function composition

Given two functions $f$ and $g$, is there a formula for the Fourier transform of $f \circ g$ in terms of the Fourier transforms of $f$ and $g$ individually? I know you can do this for the sum, the product and the convolution of two functions. But I…
72
votes
14 answers

Are proofs by contradiction really logical?

Let's say that I prove statement $A$ by showing that the negation of $A$ leads to a contradiction. My question is this: How does one go from "so there's a contradiction if we don't have $A$" to concluding that "we have $A$"? That, to me, seems the…
Simp
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72
votes
11 answers

Have there been efforts to introduce non Greek or Latin alphabets into mathematics?

As a physics student, often I find when doing blackboard problems, the lecturer will struggle to find a good variable name for a variable e.g. "Oh, I cannot use B for this matrix, that's the magnetic field". Even ignoring the many letters used for…
72
votes
4 answers

Difference between supremum and maximum

Referring to this lecture , I want to know what is the difference between supremum and maximum. It looks same as far as the lecture is concerned when it explains pointwise supremum and pointwise maximum
user31820
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72
votes
7 answers

Why $9$ & $11$ are special in divisibility tests using decimal digit sums? (casting out nines & elevens)

I don't know if this is a well-known fact, but I have observed that every number, no matter how large, that is equally divided by $9$, will equal $9$ if you add all the numbers it is made from until there is $1$ digit. A quick example of what I…
72
votes
2 answers

Continuous functions do not necessarily map closed sets to closed sets

I found this comment in my lecture notes, and it struck me because up until now I simply assumed that continuous functions map closed sets to closed sets. What are some insightful examples of continuous functions that map closed sets to non-closed…
Aaa
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72
votes
3 answers

How and why does Grothendieck's work provide tools to attack problems in number theory?

This is probably a horrible question to experts, but I think it is reasonable from someone who knows nothing. I have always been fascinated with Grothendieck and the way he did mathematics. I've heard Mochizuki's work on the abc conjecture heavily…
Arrow
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