
What are these marks called and what do they stand for?
This is for a Affine Transformation.

What are these marks called and what do they stand for?
This is for a Affine Transformation.
This usually stand for the variable or function after some type of transformation has been done to it such as maybe taking the derivative of a function or rotating a variable about the x axis, or as in the example above $[x',y',z']$ represent the $[x.y.z]$ vector after it has gone through the matrix transformation. Z' can be pronounced as "Z prime"