Consider $\mathbf Z/6\mathbf Z$ as a ring.
It is not an integral domain since it contains zero-divisors, such as the element $[3]$ for example. Note that $[3]$ is not irreducible ($[3]^2 = [3]$), yet $\langle[3]\rangle$ as an ideal is maximal, since modding out by $\langle[3]\rangle$ produces the field $\mathbf F_2$. Since $\mathbf F_2$ is a field, it is an integral domain, hence $\langle[3]\rangle$ is a prime ideal.
Does this imply that $[3]$ is a prime element of $\mathbf Z/6\mathbf Z$?
Further, does it even make sense to talk about prime elements of non-domains?