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Im stuck on finding eigenvalues that are in the field please help.

Given matrix: $$ A= \left[\begin{matrix} 0 & 1\\ 3 & 3 \end{matrix}\right] $$

whose entries are from $\mathbb{Z}_5 = \{0, 1, 2, 3, 4\}$, find, if possible, matrices $P$ and $D$ over $\mathbb{Z}_5$ such that $P^{−1} AP = D$.

I have found the characteristic polynomial: $x^2-3x-3=0$ Since its over $\mathbb{Z}_5$, $x^2-3x-3=x^2+2x+2=0$.

But from there I'm not sure how to find the eigenvalues, once I get the eigenvalues that are in the field it will be easy to find the eigenvectors and create the matrix $P$.

user547866
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    Your field has $5$ elements, just try everyone to check which ones are roots of the polynomial. Note, however, that the field in question isn't algebraically closed, so it might even not have roots there. – Git Gud Apr 03 '13 at 20:30
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    Please see this about how to format equations on this site. In particular, I assume P-1AP=D is supposed to mean $P^{-1}AP=D$ but there is no indication of the power in what you wrote. – Ross Millikan Apr 03 '13 at 20:32
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    @user547866: It really helps readability if you format your questions using MathJax (see FAQ). Regards – Amzoti Apr 03 '13 at 20:33
  • @user547866 They don't have to be in the field and if they aren't, the matrix isn't diagonalizable over that field. – Git Gud Apr 03 '13 at 20:57
  • @user547866 This might interest you. – Git Gud Apr 03 '13 at 21:08

2 Answers2

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Hint: $x^2-3x-3\equiv x^2-3x+2$.

user1551
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yes over $\Bbb Z_5$ because: $\lambda^2 -3\lambda-3=o$ at Z_5 we will have $\Delta=9+12=4+2=6$ (9~4 and 12~2 at Z_5) so $\Delta=1$ and so $\lambda_1=\frac{3+1}{2}=2$ and $\lambda_2=\frac{3-1}{2}=1$

about: $\lambda_1$ we have :$ ( \left[\begin{matrix} 0 & 1\\ 3 &3 \end{matrix}\right]-\left[\begin{matrix} 2 & \\ 0 &2 \end{matrix}\right] )\left[\begin{matrix} x\\ y \end{matrix}\right]=0$

$$-2x+y=0 $$ & $$( 3x+y=0 ~ -2x+y=0 ) $$ and so $$ y=2x $$ is our space of eigen value of $ \lambda_1 =\{(2,4),(0,0)(1,2)\} $ => (dim =1) base={(1,2)}

about $\lambda_2$:

$ ( \left[\begin{matrix} 0 & 1\\ 3 &3 \end{matrix}\right]-\left[\begin{matrix} 1 & 0\\ 0 &1 \end{matrix}\right] )\left[\begin{matrix} x\\ y \end{matrix}\right]=0$ and so $y=x$ is our answer and eigenvector space of $\lambda_2=\{(0,0)(1,1)(2,2)(3,3)(4,4)\} \implies $ $(\dim=1)$ base ={(1,1)}

matrix at base of$ \{(1,1),(1,2)\}$ will be diagonalizable $\left[\begin{matrix} 2 & 0\\ 0 &1 \end{matrix}\right] $

learner
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Somaye
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