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I think the strategy for this problem would be i assume some arbitrary element is in gcd(a,b) and chase it into the rhs and then do it the other way around , but i am not sure how to even start this one.

H.B
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  • Use the fact that $\gcd(u,v)$ is the smallest positive number in ${ux+vy:x,y\in\mathbb Z}$. – Dave Feb 18 '19 at 21:43
  • so would i have gcd(a,b)=ax+by=ax/d+by/d=dgcd(a/d,b/d)? how would the other direction go? – H.B Feb 21 '19 at 06:51

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We can rephrase the conditions as $a=p\cdot d$ and $b=q\cdot d$ with $p,q\in\mathbb{N}$.

Then $$\gcd(a,b)=\gcd(pd,qd)=d\cdot\gcd(p,q)=d\cdot\gcd(\frac{a}{d},\frac{b}{d})$$