Few days ago I've known (but currently I am not able to understand the answer) a nice problem proposed in MathWoverflow by the user Lviv Scottish Book, that is [1].
Yesterday using Wolfram Alpha online calculator I was doing experiments with the Möbius function $\mu(n)$, see this MathWorld, that is an arithmetic function related with the sine function. I am curious about if the convergence of series involving the idea of the students of the cited center and the Möbius function could be interesting to state some divergent series, or well being convergents. The same idea could be write for the Liouville's function.
Question. Is it possible to deduce convergence of $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{\mu(n)}{\sqrt{n}}|\sin n|^n\,?\tag{1}$$ Can you to deduce convergence of $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{\mu(n)}{n^a}|\sin n|^n\tag{2}$$ for a fixed real number $\frac{1}{2}<a<1$? Thanks in advance.
See this code with Wolfram Alpha online calculator
sum mu(n)abs(sin n)^n/sqrt(n), from n=1 to 4000
and thatone
sum mu(n)abs(sin n)^n/n, from n=1 to 500
Since $|\sin(n)|\leq 1$ one has that $\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{\mu(n)}{n^{s}}|\sin n|^n$ is convergent for $\Re s>1$, using absolute convergence.
References:
[1] Lviv Scottish Book, Is the series $\sum_n|\sin n|^n/n$ convergent?, MathOverflow (posed on 22.06.2017 by Ph D students of H. Steinhaus Center of Wroclaw Polytechnica).