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How to show that subset $GL_{n}(R)$ of $M_{n}(R)$ consisting of all invertible matrices is dense in $M_{n}(R)$.

sejy2
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2 Answers2

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Identifying $M_n(\mathbb{R})$ with $\mathbb{R}^{n^2}$, the space $GL_n(\mathbb{R}) = \{g\in \mathbb{R}^{n^2}:\, P(g)\not = 0\}$ for some polynomial $P(g) = \det g\in \mathbb{R}[g_{11}, \dots, g_{nn}]$. If $P$ vanishes on some neighborhood of $g\in \mathbb{R}^{n^2}$, then expanding the Taylor series of $P$ around $g$ forces $P = 0$ everywhere, which is clearly false.

anomaly
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A matrix $M\in M_n(\mathbb{R})$ is singular iff $0\in\text{Spec}(M)$, and since the identity matrix $I$ belongs to the center of $M_n(\mathbb{R})$ we have $$ \text{Spec}(A+\varepsilon I) = \varepsilon + \text{Spec}(A) $$ for any $\varepsilon\in\mathbb{R}$, granting that the non-singular (i.e. invertible) matrices are a dense subset of $M_n(\mathbb{R})$.

Jack D'Aurizio
  • 361,689