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Wikipedia says that this is a Cayley table of Dih4:

Cayley table of Dih4 group

Can somebody explain what are these numbers/colors mean?
Wikipedia page on Cayley table uses letters and does not mention any numbers.

Also what are these small tables with red squares on top/left mean?
There are other examples of such a schemes like here

Update:

I recently figured out that 'small tables with red squares' are actually a permutation matrices corresponding to the group's elements, but the question about numbers and colors is still open.

Update 2:

as Nex pointed out the numbers come from Caley table of S4 group. Symmetric group S4 page contains explanation of the colors:

Even permutations are white:

  • the identity
  • eight 3-cycles
  • three double-transpositions (in bold typeface)
    Odd permutations are colored:
  • six transpositions (green)
  • six 4-cycles (orange)
IgorStack
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    That has got to be one of the most confusing diagrams I've ever seen, of Cayley tables or otherwise. – Zev Chonoles Dec 17 '16 at 19:15
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    the black dot is probably the identity – Asinomás Dec 17 '16 at 19:31
  • Do the numbers make any sense in binary? I do agree that this is, at best, confusing. I know wiki articles can be somewhat hard to learn from, as they are a reference, but this is quite unhelpful. – Josh B. Sep 22 '17 at 19:49
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    I think the numbers come from seeing this group as a subgroup of https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Watchduck#/media/File:Symmetric_group_4;_Cayley_table;_numbers.svg – Nex Sep 24 '17 at 12:11

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