A question from a probability book I saw:
You are given a 100-sided die. After you roll once, you can choose to either get paid the dollar amount of that roll OR pay one dollar for one more roll. What is the expected value of the game? (There is no limit on the number of rolls.)
A few StackExchange posts talk about this problem, here's one: Expected value of game involving 100-sided die all use the same optimal strategy: reroll until you have a die value greater than V.
But I don't understand why that's optimal. For example, the answer they give is stop rolling when you reach a die value of 87 or more. But what if you always get rolls below that, and thus, never actually payout?
Three questions:
- How can one prove this is the optimal strategy?
- What does it mean to say this game or this die is memoryless?
- Is this still the optimal strategy if you have a finite number of dice rolls?