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Suppose that $F$ is a finite collection of vectors from a vector space. Prove that every maximal subset of $F$ that is linearly independent is a basis of $\langle F\rangle$, which designates the span of $F$.

hardmath
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Charles
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We have to show that any maximal linearly independent subset $A\subset F$ generates $\langle F\rangle$. We begin by showing that each $f\in F$ is in $\langle A\rangle$.

Proof. Let $A=\{a_1,a_2,\ldots, a_r\}$, and consider an $f\in F$. The maximality of $A$ implies that the set $A\cup\{f\}$ is linearly dependent; hence there are scalars $\lambda_i$, not all $=0$, such that $$\lambda_0 f+\sum_{i=1}^r\lambda_i\,a_i=0\ .$$ As the $a_i$ are linearly independent we cannot have $\lambda_0=0$ here. This allows to conclude that $f=\sum_{i=1}^r{-\lambda_i\over\lambda_0}\,a_i\in \langle A\rangle$.$\qquad\square$

Now $F\subset\langle A\rangle$ immediately implies $\langle F\rangle\subset\langle A\rangle$.